High Concentration Ammonia Nitrogen Wastewater Treatment: A New Biological Nitrogen Removal Method

In recent years, there have been some new wastewater treatment technologies both at home and abroad: denitrification process, which provides a new way for denitrification treatment of high concentration ammonia-nitrogen wastewater. Mainly short-range nitrification and denitrification, aerobic denitrification and anammox.

Shortcut nitrification and denitrification

Biological nitrification and denitrification is the most widely used method of denitrification. Because of the large amount of oxygen required to oxidize ammonia, the cost of aeration becomes a major expense for this denitrification. Short-range nitrification and denitrification (nitrification of ammonia nitrogen to nitrite nitrogen that is denitrification), not only can save ammonia oxidation of oxygen demand and can save carbon source for denitrification.

Nitrite nitrite can significantly improve the total nitrogen removal efficiency, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen load can be increased nearly 1 times. In addition, factors such as pH and ammonia nitrogen concentration have a significant impact on denitrification types. Compared with the conventional biological denitrification process, the ammonia nitrogen load of the process is high, and the TN removal rate can be increased at a lower C / N value.

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation and full autotrophic denitrification

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation is the process of anaerobic ammonia nitrogen to nitrite as an electron acceptor is directly oxidized to nitrogen.

Anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria is an obligate anaerobic bacterium, which is very suitable for the treatment of ammonia nitrogen wastewater containing NO2- and low C / N. Compared with the traditional process, the anaerobic ammonium oxidation process based on the simple process does not require additional organic carbon source to prevent secondary pollution, but also a good application prospects.

The whole autotrophic denitrification process is a method for simultaneous removal of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite by using a fully autotrophic microorganism under oxygen-limited conditions. From the aspect of the reaction mode, it is a method of moderate-temperature nitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation Combined, in the same reactor.

Both anaerobic ammonium oxidation and mesophilic nitrosation can work well in the stripping reactor with high nitrogen conversion rate of 95% ammonia nitrogen removal and 90% total nitrogen removal.

Aerobic denitrification

In recent years, the phenomenon of aerobic denitrification has been continuously discovered and reported, and has drawn people's attention gradually. Some aerobic denitrifiers have been isolated and some can be both aerobic denitrification and heterotrophic nitrification. This allows true simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in the same reactor, simplifying the process and saving energy.

Aerobic denitrification denitrification ability with the dissolved oxygen concentration decreased. The nitrification rate decreased with the decrease of dissolved oxygen concentration. The denitrification reaction rate increased with the decrease of dissolved oxygen concentration.

In the process of denitrification, N2O is produced, which is a kind of greenhouse gas and produces new pollution. The related mechanisms are not deep enough. Many of the processes are still in the laboratory stage and further research is needed to effectively apply them in practical projects. In addition, there are such as full autotrophic denitrification process, simultaneous nitrification and denitrification process is still in the experimental phase of research, have good prospects.

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