Since 2015, grain dryer R&D has mainly focused on three aspects: First, real-time monitoring, automatic adjustment, intelligent drying, and uniform drying through moisture and temperature sensing control systems. The second is to increase the utilization of heat sources, or use biomass as a dryer fuel, or dust removal and impurity removal at the same time as drying to achieve energy-saving and environmentally friendly drying. The third is the development of mobile grain dryers to achieve timely and convenient drying. In recent years, grain dryer manufacturers and R&D institutions have combined independent innovation, integrated innovation, and introduction, digestion, and re-innovation to meet the needs of food production, focused on smart, efficient, energy-saving and environmental protection, and introduced one after another technological innovation for food. The drying machinery industry and mechanized development provide strong technical support.
The number of grain dryers and their operation levels have accelerated, and the research and innovation climax of grain dryers have been repeated. These have become new hotspots and new highlights for the development of the agricultural machinery industry and agricultural machinery.
This year's wheat harvest season has already come. Can the last year's highlights continue? It can be analyzed from two aspects.
On the one hand, there are many favorable factors.
The first is the potential. China's grain drying mechanization rate is less than 20%, far below the comprehensive mechanization rate of the three major grain crops (both above 80%). It is a prominent short board in the mechanization of grain production, and the development space is very large.
The second is the demand. By the end of 2015, the area of ​​land transferred nationwide was 443 million mu, accounting for 1/3 of the total cultivated land contracted by households, which was 2.9 percentage points higher than in 2014. The scale of farmer households with more than 50 mu reached more than 3.4 million, and the family farms nearly 900,000. There are more than 1.4 million peasant cooperatives, nearly 40% of the peasant households have joined the cooperative, and 1.2 million agricultural socialized service organizations of various types. The agricultural scale operation is in full swing and urgent demands are made for the development of food drying and mechanization.
The third is strong support. The “shrinkage scope†is the main idea of ​​the subsidy policy for agricultural machinery purchase in 2016. The number of general-purpose agricultural machinery items in the country has shrunk from 137 in 2015 to 23, a reduction of 114, and the intensity has been unprecedented. Against this backdrop, the grain dryers were retained, and the Agricultural Finance and Banking Department clearly required that the provinces (regions) of grain production should select subsidies for certain equipment items (including grain dryers) that are critically needed for key aspects of grain production. Explain that the country attaches importance to the development of grain drying mechanization. In the classification table announced by the Ministry of Agriculture, the circulating grain dryer is divided into 5 grades, with a batch volume of 4 tons and less than 0.45 million yuan, a batch volume of 4-10 tons of 149.4 million yuan, and a batch volume of 10-20 tons of 2.934. Million yuan, 20-30 tons of batch processing capacity of 40.59 million yuan, batch processing capacity of 30 tons and above 81,000 yuan; continuous grain dryer is divided into 3 files, processing capacity of 50 tons / day below 27,000 yuan, processing capacity 50 -100 tons / day 35,100 yuan, processing capacity of 100 tons / day and more than 108,000 yuan; flat bed type grain dryer is divided into 2 files, 3-5 tons 45,000 yuan, 5 tons and more than 0.72 million.
According to the 2016 implementation of the agricultural machinery purchase subsidies announced by the provinces, Zhejiang, Fujian, and Qinghai provinces have implemented local financial accumulative subsidies for grain dryers, and Zhejiang has been the largest, with batch-type batch dryers with a batch capacity below 10 tons. The amount of subsidy is the same as that of central subsidies. Local subsidies of RMB 21,500 and RMB 33,100 are provided for 10-20 tons and 20 tons of circulating grain dryers (approximately 82% and 93% of central subsidies); local subsidies for Qinghai The amount does not exceed 50% of the central subsidy; Fujian local subsidy is 1/3 of the central subsidy. Shandong, Jiangxi, Hubei, Shaanxi, Yunnan and other provinces have opened subsidies for grain dryers.
In addition to subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other provinces also provided support for the R&D, innovation and demonstration of grain drying machinery. Shandong Province arranged 14 demonstration projects for grain drying and mechanization innovation, and provided 2.35 million yuan for financial subsidies, which accounted for 34% and 31% of the total number of agricultural innovation demonstration projects. At the same time, Shandong Province continued to implement innovative plans for the research and development of agricultural machinery and equipment, intelligent control and operation supervision systems for low-temperature circulating grain dryers, high-efficiency grain dryers, and corn grain combine harvesters and straw-shaped fuels related to grain drying. The research and development of the continuous production equipment will provide support, and the financial subsidy will be nearly 10 million yuan. In addition, last year, Shandong Province supported approximately RMB 22 million in grain dryers and related equipment R&D funds. The Zhejiang Provincial Department of Agriculture, the Science and Technology Department, and the Economic and Information Technology Commission jointly formulated the “Agricultural Machinery Product Demand and Research-oriented Catalogue†last year. The first batch of 56 research and development products were proposed. This year the province will be guided by this catalog, focusing on improving grain dryers. Quality performance to strengthen research and development and technological innovation. This year, the Agricultural Machinery Bureau of Jiangsu Province and the Ministry of Finance jointly launched the “Mechanism of Promoting Overall Mechanization of Grain Production, Demonstration County Construction Projectâ€, and plans to allocate 444 million yuan for food production during the “13th Five-Year Plan†period. The operation subsidy will be implemented at weak points such as drying in the production area. The goal is to achieve a mechanized drying capacity of 50% for the province's grain-producing areas by 2020, and a total capacity of over 70% for the storage, storage, drying, and drying of the production areas.
The fourth is stamina. The author reviewed the 2016 subsidized product filing information of Zhejiang and Henan provinces. Zhejiang included 224 grain dryers produced by a total of 56 companies in the scope of archiving, and Henan included 234 grain dryers produced by a total of 59 enterprises in the archival scope. These enterprises are mainly concentrated in Anhui, Liaoning, Henan, Jiangsu, and Shandong. Zhejiang and other provinces.
Although this is only a product of the two provinces that have subsidized the enterprise, it is possible to look at the situation and see the national production of grain dryers. On the one hand, dozens of companies provide hundreds of products to provide users with ample room for choice. This allows users to compare and see who has the highest performance, lowest price, and superior service. On the other hand, at present, the grain dryer manufacturers are in the "Warring States era" of the roost, and who will eventually win? The author believes that there are two aspects that can be concerned: First, to look at history, the early entry into the field of grain dryers is often experienced, the market is piling up for a long time, and there are many technical reserves. For example, Shanghai Sanjiu and Taizhou Yiming are the first companies to win the market; Looking at capital and R&D strengths, such as the South China Federation and Northern Loewe, the main players who haven’t been humming and making a comeback, although they are involved in some later, but the momentum is fierce, the advantage of late-coming can not be overlooked.
In the first five months of this year, the State Intellectual Property Office announced 32 bulletins for inventions and utility model patents, and the research and innovation of food dryers continued unabated. Among them, 85% were filed by enterprises, indicating that companies are developing and innovating in food dryers. In the absolute dominant position. The difference between enterprises, universities, and scientific research units is that they are directly oriented to the market, and there are few intermediate links in the transformation of scientific and technological innovation results, and they have little resistance, and they have advantages in terms of motivation, funds, etc. These are all conducive to promoting the industrialization of food science and technology innovation achievements. The development of grain drying machinery and equipment industry provides sufficient stamina.
On the other hand, there are some unfavorable factors.
One is the subsidy drop. The central government's maximum subsidy for grain dryers of 10 grades in 2016 was 10% lower than that in 2015. The largest decline was in continuous grain dryers with a handling capacity of 100 tons/day or more, and each central subsidy was reduced by 12,000 yuan. .
The second is the reduction of corn. According to the National Planting Structure Adjustment Plan (2016-2020), by 2020, more than 50 million mu of corn will be reduced in the “Sickle Curve†region. It is expected that the intentional planting area of ​​corn will be reduced by more than 20 million mu this year.
The decline in the amount of subsidy for agricultural machinery purchases and the reduction in corn planting area all have a negative impact on the demand for grain dryers, but it remains to be seen whether the impact can reach the level that determines the degree of demand for grain dryers for grain dryers. The author believes that although there is a 10% reduction in the subsidy amount, the intention is to purchase grain dryers, which are generally large-scale growers or grain managers. Their purchasing power is relatively strong in rural areas, and the subsidy amount is reduced by 12,000 yuan. Will not affect their decision to purchase a food dryer. The statement made by the heads of several agricultural cooperatives verified the author's speculation. They said that the subsidy that is really needed should be bought at a lower price. If the unneeded subsidy does not fall, it still does not buy. Although the planting area of ​​corn is reduced by 20 million mu, according to the cropping structure adjustment plan, the rice area will remain stable at 450 million mu, the wheat area will be stabilized at 360 million mu, and the corn area will be stabilized at 500 million mu. The reduced corn will only account for them. 1.5%, the impact on the development needs of grain dryers should be limited.
Advantages and disadvantages coexist, opportunities and challenges coexist, but there are more advantages than bad ones, and opportunities are greater than challenges. We have reason to believe that this year's grain dryers will be driven by the combined forces of policy-driven, administrative-driven, market-driven, innovation driven, and demonstration driven. The market will continue to maintain a high rate of growth.
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