At the end of last year, Zhang Xiaoyu, executive vice president of the China Federation of Machinery Industry, once said that although China's auto industry has made great progress and the international competitiveness of its products has been continuously improved, there are still a lot of gaps between some core technologies and foreign countries. The automatic transmission is one of them. Due to the fact that no real industrialization has yet been achieved, it is still in a situation subject to human control.
Not long ago, CNHTC launched its heavy truck HOWO-A7 with its first AMT (Electronically Controlled Mechanical Automatic Transmission) standard configuration, and stated that the AMT model will be mainly promoted in the future. Prior to this, FAW Group's AMT has also been successfully developed. In addition, the AMT of many domestic heavy-duty transmission companies has also been tested for a long time, which seems to imply that domestic heavy trucks have made new breakthroughs in the research and development of automatic transmissions.
AMT has become a trend
“As early as 2005, when we visited Europe, we discovered that 20% to 30% of European road tractors use automatic transmissions (most of which are AMT), and this proportion is still on an upward trend.†China National Heavy Duty Truck One The technical staff explained to reporters that as people's requirements for driving comfort become higher and higher, automatic transmissions not only occupy a considerable proportion in the use of cars, but also the transmission of automatic transmissions on trucks. The development trend of the system.
For many years, the automatic transmission has indeed become the top priority in the research and development of the domestic automotive industry. Although many companies have already developed their own transmission products and conducted long-term road tests before this, they do not have their own core technologies and are all stuck on the threshold of industrialization. Therefore, it is difficult to see the mass production of self-branded automatic transmissions in the market so far.
“Currently, the AMT automatic transmission assembly line and the assembly workers have already been prepared for training and will soon start mass production.†Wang Baozhong, head of the Technical Department of China National Heavy Duty Truck Transmission Technology, told the reporter when he talked about mass production plans. After the production, it can produce 30,000 units per year. It is understood that in the face of industrial bottlenecks encountered by domestic automatic transmissions, many foreign companies that hold the core technology of AMT have earned a lot of excess profits. According to relevant industry sources, the cost of purchasing a company AMT from a special-purpose vehicle company in Hunan is more than RMB 200,000 per unit, but for the same product, the company’s offer to another European manufacturer is only 6,000 to 7,000 euros. Total 60,000 to 70,000 RMB).
In view of this, accelerating the production of automatic transmissions with self-owned brands to become self-sufficient has become one of the important issues faced by China's auto companies. The progress made by FAW, CNHTC and other companies in this field has broken the international brand transmission manufacturers. The blockade of Chinese companies is of great significance.
According to another reporter learned from China National Heavy Duty Truck, this year, heavy truck will be the main push AMT models. In addition, FAW Group also has several AMT models that have been delivered for use. It is also known that the AMTs of heavy transmission companies such as Fast, Big Tooth, and Reed have been road tested for a long time and will soon be introduced to the market. "If there is no accident, this year the domestic heavy truck market will have a large number of models equipped with AMT debut, the domestic heavy truck automatic transmission will be truly industrialized, and it can even be said that domestic heavy truck has entered the era of automatic shift." Analysis of the industry.
"Stand alone" is still difficult
Many domestic supporting enterprises have accepted “foreign aid†during the research and development of automatic transmissions. Yuchai was assisted by German FEV in the development of new diesel engines. Aowei Diesel Engine developed by FAW Xichai was assisted by AVL, and Henderson Development Machine III was assisted by Ricardo, Denso, and TNO Testing Center in the Netherlands. Wait. Although accepting “foreign aid†helped Chinese companies to break through the technical barriers to a certain extent, it also brought a lot of drawbacks to the company, resulting in foreign companies not only profiting from the vehicle, but also importing matching parts and technology transfer fees. It also gained a lot of profits. It is understood that research and development expenses of large multinational corporations generally account for 4% to 5% of sales revenue, and some even as high as 8%, while most Chinese only account for only 2% to 3%.
“Although AMT only installed an electronic control system on the basis of an ordinary manual transmission and used a computer to replace people for shifting, its hardest step was to develop the electronic control system.†China National Heavy Duty Truck Group Technology Liu Wei, director of the development center, said, “As a result, we have chosen to develop jointly with foreign design companies in order to solve the problem of the development of electronic control systems. Our foreign partners provide us with a platform for transmission control units. Our technicians are based in China. Road conditions and use environment, etc., to modify and improve the program.â€
From this it can be seen that although China National Heavy Duty Truck AMT's R&D success has important significance, it still does not get rid of “external forcesâ€. From R&D to mass production, is there any core technology available? There are many questions. The situation of heavy-duty transmission companies, such as Fast, Big Tooth, and Tooth Co., which are expected by the industry, can get rid of the situation in which the core technology is controlled by people.
“Now, it is imperative that the independent and innovative automatic transmission be brought to the market as soon as possible to foster the independent innovation capability of domestic enterprises.†Wang Shengtang, secretary general of China Gear Professional Association, said, “Mastering the core technology is the key.â€
Last year, under the leadership of the National Development and Reform Commission, Zhongfalian Industrial Co., Ltd., a technological R&D institution established under the leadership of the National Development and Reform Commission, participated in more than 10 domestic companies such as FAW, SAIC and Dongfeng, and jointly contributed to the research and development of key technologies for automatic transmissions. Although this move made many people in the industry somewhat excited, Zhongfa United Industrial Co., Ltd. has also established a joint venture company with BorgWarner to establish a joint venture, which confirms that the industry’s emergence of this technical conglomerate is likely to be just another sign. There is an additional introduction or a joint venture platform.
“The real purpose of setting up the China Development Alliance should be to obtain core technology from the outside through joint development. At present, it does not seem to have achieved satisfactory results,†said Chen Wenkai, president of Gasgoo.com. Xu Xiangyang, vice president of the School of Transportation Science and Engineering at Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, also believes that whether BorgWarner can transfer core technologies to domestic companies is unknown. The experience and lessons of technology change for the entire vehicle market should be learned. If the core technology is not available, BorgWarner still controls the production of the dual clutch module, and most of the profits are still obtained by BorgWarner.
From this point of view, whether it is China National Heavy Duty Truck or the newly-established China Development Alliance, the road for independent development of Chinese automatic transmissions and for getting rid of the core technologies is still very long.
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