Boring drills and ring cutters is a very common instrument that is widely used in soil, geology, water conservancy, environmental protection, and Other fields. It is mainly used as a tool for collecting soil or soil samples. Its development is rooted in soil science and geosciences, and it can also promote and promote the development of soil science and geosciences.
The earth drilling can be divided into manual drilling and mechanical (power) drilling according to the operating force source. Human-driven manual drilling. The general structure is simple, light weight, and easy to carry, most without the use of transportation tools. The limitation of the manual force application determines that the drill should have a good structure to overcome the resistance of the soil and an operation mode that is sufficient to make the sampling operation possible. Under the premise of effectively overcoming the resistance of soil, it is particularly important to reduce the viscosity and remove soil and maintain the original soil.
The mechanical drill is mainly called mechanical power. Need mechanical power, transportation tools. With strong mechanical power to overcome soil resistance, effective visbreaking, soil removal, and obtaining undisturbed soil are key to the research and application of this type of drilling. The earth-borrowing drill can be divided into direct-pressure type, spiral type, and gravity hammer type according to operation mode. The direct-pressure method is a direct-pressure type earth-boring drill; the direct-pressure and horizontal-direction rotation is a spiral-type earth-drilling drill; and the gravity-hammer-type earth-boring drill is a hammer-driven self-gravity impact or external force. The direct pressure operation is smooth and simple, but this operation mode does not contribute to overcoming the resistance of the soil. The spiral type and gravity hammer type reduce or overcome the resistance of the soil by means of slope and gravity impact, respectively. Soil medium guide rail manual spiral type due to the limited manual force and the special nature of the soil non-compact material, can not effectively overcome the ten body resistance, operation difficulties. Gravity-hammer type earth-boring drills effectively overcome the tenth-resistance, but it is difficult to take drills and it is easy to cause soil compression. In case of roots or stones, the sample is completely destroyed, which is not conducive to the obtaining of the original soil column.
According to the situation of drill bit cutting, the earth-boring drill can be divided into three types: cutting drill, open drill and non-opening drill. Cutting a drill refers to a cut in the drill bit (edge ​​and drill pipe), which facilitates the removal of the soil column inside the drill barrel, but is not conducive to the retention of the soil column in the drill body during the drilling process, and it is difficult to obtain the original soil column. Drilling means that the drill consists of two semi-circular cylinders that can be opened and closed. The soil column can be easily removed when it is opened. When it is not drilled, the movable half can not be fixed. The sampling can be done without destroying the soil column structure inside the drill cylinder. The disadvantage is that the structure is relatively complicated and the processing and sampling operations are relatively complicated. Non-open I: J drill refers to one edge of the drill bit, non-open, cut mouth. The soil column is independent, but if there is no other supporting structure or technology, it is not conducive to the removal of the soil column and it is difficult to apply.
The research on earth-borrowing in foreign countries prevailed in the 50s and 60s, with a focus on undisturbed undisturbed earth-boring drills, mechanical power drills, and special earth drills. The operation mode is mainly spiral type and gravity hammer type. The king should be able to reduce or overcome the resistance of the soil by taking ten drills of these two methods. Gravity hammered earth-boring drills are more effective in overcoming soil resistance and have become the operating mode used by most manual drills. The special nature of the non-compact matter in the soil limits the development of spiral manual drilling, and the substrate thread guide can solve this contradiction, making the manual operation of the screw feasible, as soon as the root system of the woody plant can be effectively cut, and the forest soil is undisturbed. Sampling becomes possible. The mechanical drill is mainly spiral.
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