The annual output of the mine design is 198,000 tons, and the daily production capacity is 600t.
1. Determination of mining method Due to the large mining area and shallow surface, the deposit has been compared with the feasibility of using open pit or underground mining. The comparison results are technically feasible and the economic benefits are close to equivalent, but consider the mine. The team has become accustomed to underground mining and decided to use underground mining from the requirement of reducing the initial investment and transferring underground to the underground.
2. The choice of mining method According to the ore body shape, the shape of the ore body is complex, the thickness and inclination angle vary greatly, and it is necessary to adapt to various mining methods. Designed in the middle section of the ore body. The middle section is a rich ore section with a high grade. The mining technical conditions are: the ore body inclination is 30. ~55. , an average of 34. The thickness is 4~10m or more, with an average of 6.5m.
(1) Primary selection of the program. According to the above mining conditions: stable to stable in the top plate, localized zonal belt, stable ore in the ore, inclined mining medium, the mining methods that can be considered are: the room and column method in the open field mining method, the comprehensive method of mineral retention and Chassis funnel segmentation method, filling or layered filling method in mining method. For the caving mining rule, the thickness of the ore body is small, the shape and shape change are large, and the depletion loss is high. The upper oxidation ore should be protected without consideration. The empty field method is suitable for the mining conditions of the deposit. The process is relatively simple, economically reasonable, and the safety is basically reliable. However, the post-harvest empty field needs to be filled. The filling method is complicated, the production capacity is low, and the cost is high. Only because of its low depletion loss index is of great significance to the mining rich section.
Among the selected methods, the comprehensive method of retaining ore relies on retaining minerals, which cannot fundamentally solve the problem of stope support. There is a zoning zone on the roof of the stope, and the local stability is poor. This is unfavorable to the comprehensive method of retaining ore. Therefore, the initial choice is to delete it.
The stratification and segmentation filling method, according to the process conditions, only the scraper should be used for the mining, and the filling should only be filled with water. If electricity is used for ore mining, the amount of ore slipping works is large, and the production efficiency is low. The use of waste rock filling is labor intensive. Therefore, it is designed to use the scraper to mine and fill the tailings. In addition to filling the mountain, the mining project is all placed in the lower plate. Compared with the stratified filling and the segmented filling, the stratified mining project is much more than the segmentation. Similarly, with the scraper, the stratified filling efficiency is lower than the segmented filling, and the operation under the exposed surface of the ore cannot be excluded. I can't switch to medium-deep hole drilling, so I decided to delete the layered filling method.
The remaining room column method, segment filling method, and chassis funnel segmentation method are used for technical analysis and comparison.
(2) Technical comparison of mining methods. The room column method was adopted as the first scheme. The height of the stage is 35m, the length of the mining area is 100m, the width of the section strip is 5m, the height of the top column is 8m, the height of the bottom structure is 7m, the width of the mine is 12.5m, and the square of the room is 4x4m. The use of fan-shaped deep hole mining, the average daily production capacity of the stop is 120t. The structure of the ore block of this scheme is shown in Figure 1-1.
Take the segmentation method as the first! Program. Fetch stage height 35m, mining head of the farm 100m, high segment 7m, without leaving the top of the stope pillar, leaving the exposed surface with a pillar to form controlled within 250m 2. The use of fan-shaped medium-deep hole mining, the average daily production capacity of the stope is 80~120t. The structure of the nugget of this scheme is shown in Figure 1-2.
The chassis funnel section mining method is taken as the “solution. The stage height is 35m, the length of the stope is 50m, the section height is 8.75m, the stope is reserved for the top column, and the 2m thick pillar is left between each section. The bottom structure cloth The man is placed on the plate and the cutting patio is placed in the middle. The average daily production capacity of the stope is 100t with the fan-shaped medium-deep hole falling. The layout of the nugget structure of this scheme is shown in Figure 1-3.
The advantages and disadvantages of these three options are analyzed and evaluated based on factors such as operational safety, production capacity, mining capacity, mineral damage and depletion indicators, labor productivity and process management:
After preliminary analysis and comparison in Table 1-2, it is obvious that : "The ratio of mining ratio and mining loss is higher than I,!, and it has certain difficulties after filling, so it is decided to delete, no comprehensive analysis is compared. .
1.2 The schemes have their own strengths in terms of safety, technology, production capacity and mining poverty indicators. It is difficult to distinguish the advantages and disadvantages, so further comprehensive analysis and comparison of the schemes.
(3) Comprehensive analysis and comparison. The comprehensive analysis and comparison is based on the analysis of economic benefits, and generally accounts for the final profit of the enterprise. The final product of the company is finished silver. Therefore, when calculating the total amount of recovered finished silver, it is possible to calculate whether the whole process of mining, selection and smelting is profitable and profitable from its annual output value and annual operating expenses. If only the beneficiation process is calculated, the output value is calculated according to the silver content of the concentrate.
Table 1-3 shows the economic comparison table when the two mining schemes are accounted for to the finished product silver.
(4) Selection of mining methods. The above comparison result, the amount of metal recovered from the index value and the gold, filling room and pillar method more advantageously, but technically room and pillar method is relatively simple production process, large nugget production capacity, working in a dedicated lane and are relatively safe. Considering that the stability of the ore rock in this deposit is still difficult to predict, it is recommended to use the room and column method for reliable design.
Table 1-3 shows the economic comparison table when the two mining schemes are accounted for to the finished product silver.
The so-called pharmaceutical intermediates are actually some chemical raw materials or chemical products used in the process of drug synthesis. This kind of chemical product does not require a pharmaceutical production license and can be produced in an ordinary chemical plant. As long as it reaches a certain level, it can be used for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals.
Our country needs more than 2,000 kinds of raw materials and intermediates for chemical industry every year, and the demand is over 2.5 million tons. After more than 30 years of development, the chemical raw materials and intermediates required for the country's pharmaceutical production can basically be matched, and only a small part of it needs to be imported. Moreover, due to my country's abundant resources and low raw material prices, many intermediates have been exported in large quantities.
On the one hand, product updates in this field are fast. Generally, after a product has been on the market for 3 to 5 years, its profit margin will drop significantly. This forces companies to continuously develop new products or continuously improve production processes in order to maintain a high production profit; on the other hand, due to the production profit of pharmaceutical intermediates Higher than chemical products, the production process of the two is basically the same, so more and more small chemical companies have joined the ranks of producing pharmaceutical intermediates.
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