In the two-stage process uses desliming or three, some of the United States and the Soviet Union is the general practice of the beneficiation plant, such as the Soviet Union Karatau, Ji Xiepu gold ore concentrator and Florida phosphate rock Concentrator. Other countries such as India, Syria, Senegal, Togo, Jordan, and Iraq are actively developing their own low-grade phosphate deposits. China's surface weathered phosphate ore near Dianchi Lake in Yunnan is also widely used in multi-stage scrubbing and desliming processes. For example, in the past decade, Brazil has succeeded in developing apatite deposits with a P2O5 content of 10% to 15% and a large amount of carbonate gangue and mineral inlays. Finland is developing and utilizing its own P2O5. The world's attention has also been paid to the extremely low-grade apatite deposits with a content of less than 5%. In order to save fuel and obtain coarse ore products, sometimes only the sector phosphate rock is calcined. For example, Israel Negev Phosphate Company has developed a new method of roasting phosphate products in a sand production line, which can save about 70% of energy. . In recent years, the photoelectric sorting and heavy medium sorting of phosphate rock have also begun to face up. The results of these experimental studies and the experience of industrial utilization have not only promoted the development of the world phosphate fertilizer industry, but also promoted the improvement, innovation and progress of the phosphate ore beneficiation process technology from all over the world. For example, phosphate rock containing carbonate pyrite calcination temperature of only 650 ℃, while also using the heat in the phosphate rock pyrite roasting process generated to compensate for the time necessary to consume calories firing More than 50%. In the practice of world phosphate ore dressing, the current dominant method of selection is scrubbing, deliming, flotation and roasting. Further, calcium and magnesium oxides which are generated during the calcination process can be generally removed by a washing method or a wind classification method according to the method of digestion, but in order to achieve the purpose of completely removing them, an acid washing method has been attempted in recent years. Low-temperature roasting of phosphate rock has long been used in the United States to select its western phosphate rock. This method has also been tested in China's Tiantaishan phosphate mine. Calcination can be carried out in shaft furnaces, converters and boiling furnaces, which should be listed as the most advanced roasters, so it is used in some phosphate ore dressing plants in the United States, Morocco and Aliya, but the grain size requirements of the raw materials. fine. From a global perspective, the annual output of commercial phosphate rock has reached 150 million tons and will increase year by year. Even countries such as the Soviet Union and the United States, where phosphate resources are relatively abundant, are also very serious about the enrichment of ore that is difficult to select. With the progress of the roasting process of phosphate rock, the composition minerals in the phosphate ore must undergo corresponding changes, and the changes such as floatability have been proved to be inconsistent: for example, the floatability of phosphorus minerals is good; the floatability of quartz is unchanged; Carbonate minerals become buoyant. For example, the Soviet Union's beneficiation research on its carcass phosphate ore, the United States for its South Florida phosphate-dolomite ore and western silicon-calcium phosphate ore dressing experimental research. The decomposition of carbonate minerals in phosphate rock during calcination consumes a large amount of heat, which is also related to the species of carbonate minerals and the amount of other impurities. In the new roasting process, such as the "flicker roasting" developed by FCB of France, the roasting process can be completed in only 3 seconds. The rich ore and easy-to-select phosphate rock resources will be increasingly reduced, and the enrichment of medium- and low-grade refractory phosphate ore drying equipment has been widely recognized. This is naturally beneficial for flotation separation. Small ball mill , jaw crusher , roller crusher, cement production process Traditional washing process and equipment are becoming more and more perfect. For example, the Algeria is used to remove the slime by the tower-shaped pulse brushing machine before roasting; the first pilot plant in the grinding cycle, the Bathoms classifier is pre-classified before being installed in the hydrocyclone. The calcination method of phosphate rock has also been developed. A special washing machine is currently widely used to remove clay impurities and purify the surface of phosphate particles. China has also made significant progress in sand making equipment for the development of metamorphic phosphate rock deposits with a P2O5 content of about 10% and containing a large amount of dolomite minerals and siliceous calcareous rock deposits with a P2O5 content of 15% to 25%.
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